What kinds of websites to look for when doing research
When you find articles about your topic, look for citations and references in them. Look for established publications and organizations to start with. Websites from universities, museums, public libraries, college libraries, historical societies, and zoos are usually good resources.
🔗 How to use Wikipedia for research
If you're a student, you've probably been told that you can't use Wikipedia as a source for your school project, but that doesn't mean it isn't a helpful place to start your research. Searching Wikipedia first can give you a better start than using a mainstream search engine like Google.
Wikipedia is a great place to find good quality sources of information that you can use and cite. Most Wikipedia entries will have enough citations and other resources at the bottom to point you in a helpful direction.
Check out the Wikipedia page for Titanic as an example. It's a long article with lots of sections. The first paragraph alone has references to at least six footnotes, all with sources for the information. You can also go directly down to the references section of the page to see every reference listed with links, and go to the external links section. The bibliography lists published books and articles. You can even find historical Titanic photos at Wikimedia Commons, one of Wikipedia's sister projects.
Public Libraries
You probably know that you can find books for research at the public library, but your library card may give you access to even more research options. Go to your local library's website to find out what they offer.
Most libraries have digital catalogs for eBooks and magazines. If you found a book cited in a Wikipedia article, you might be able to borrow the ebook from your library without having to go to a local branch.
Many libraries also provide access to research databases, newspapers, and other resources. Most of the time, all you need to do is log in with your library card number.
Here are some examples;
- The Los Angeles Public Library's website has a digital research page lists access to the Los Angeles Times archives, Consumer Reports, Vogue Archives, academic research databases, and more.
- OC Public Library's digital resources include Britannica School, National Geographic archives, newspaper archives, and research databases like ProQuest.
College Libraries
Large universities will have online libraries, but community college libraries may be more accessible. Research guides on college library websites often list valuable resource links and databases for subjects.
Example: Theatre and Performance Arts Research Guide from Georgetown University Library
You can search the catalog at college and university libraries. Many things will only be available with a student login, but there are usually some materials that are available to anyone. Use the search filters to find items with "open access".
Example: UC San Diego Library
Search result for "Napoleon" with the open access filter selected.
You may be able to sign up for a free account to access more from a local community college's library. Look for the library website of a local community college.
Example: Fullerton College Library
Reference Resource Links
General Reference
- How to Do Research and What are Reference Sources from VSCS Libraries (Community College of Vermont & Vermont State University)
- Wikipedia online encyclopedia
- Britannica (encyclopedia)
- Merriam-Webster Dictionary
- The Internet Archive - Internet Archive is a non-profit library of millions of free texts, movies, software, music, websites, and more.
- Oxford Reference
- National Geographic - History, Animals, Science
- The Internet History Sourcebooks Project - a collection of public domain and copy-permitted historical texts presented cleanly (without advertising or excessive layout) for educational use.
- WorldCat - WorldCat is the world’s largest library catalog, helping you find library materials online.
- NYU Music Theory Resources
History / Social Studies
- American Historical Society
- History.com
- Smithsonian Research Resources
- Fashion History Timeline - detailed fashion history reference guide from the Fashion Institute of New York
- Equal Earth Projection map - free downloadable digital maps showing countries and continents at their true sizes relative to each other.
English Language Arts and Literature
- Etymonline - Etymology (the study and history of words)
- Behind the Name - etymology and history of names
- Shakespeare Online
- Grammar Girl
- Open Library
Public Domain Literature
- Project Gutenberg - Choose free eBooks to download or read online. You will find the world's great literature here with a focus on older works whose U.S. copyright has expired.
- Standard eBooks - carefully formatted ebook versions of public domain books
- The Literature Network - searchable online literature for the student, educator, or enthusiast
- OC Public Libraries Historical Sheet Music Collection
Photo and Image Resources
- Wikimedia Commons
- Old Book Illustrations
- National Gallery of Art Public Domain Images
- Getty Museum Public Domain Collection
- Unsplash
- Pixabay
- Flickr Creative Commons
- The Noun Project Free Icons
- SciDraw (science clipart)
- Where to get free, human-made, royalty-free images - a wonderful resource list
Alternative Search Engines
- Marginalia Search - an independent open source Internet search engine operating out of Sweden.
- Wiby - small search engine focuses on non-commerical sites
- Mojeek - Mojeek’s web search results are 100% independent.
- Greppr - "We believe in the "Human Internet." Our master list of indexed domains is meticulously hand-curated."